CENTER ON LITERACY AND DEAFNESS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA The Center on Literacy and Deafness (CLAD) project focused on instructional factors related to literacy for deaf children. One result of this project was that they developed individualized instructions for deaf K-2 students. The instructional approach discussed in detail here is Explicit Contextualized Vocabulary Instruction-Deaf/Hard of Hearing (ECVI-DHH). Image Free Online Arizona